39 research outputs found
Universally Typical Sets for Ergodic Sources of Multidimensional Data
We lift important results about universally typical sets, typically sampled
sets, and empirical entropy estimation in the theory of samplings of discrete
ergodic information sources from the usual one-dimensional discrete-time
setting to a multidimensional lattice setting. We use techniques of packings
and coverings with multidimensional windows to construct sequences of
multidimensional array sets which in the limit build the generated samples of
any ergodic source of entropy rate below an with probability one and
whose cardinality grows at most at exponential rate .Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure. To appear in Kybernetika. This replacement
corrects typos and slightly strengthens the main theore
Quantum Hall effect and the relative index for projections
We define the relative index, Index(P,Q), for a pair of infinite-dimensional projections on a Hilbert space to be the integer that is the natural generalization of dim(P)-dim(Q) in finite-dimensional vector spaces. We show that the Hall conductance for independent electrons in the plane is the relative index where P and Q project on the states below the Fermi energy for Hamiltonians that differ by a quantum flux and the Fermi energy is appropriately placed. This approach is closely related to, and sheds light on, Bellissard’s interpretation of the Hall conductance as an index
Bounds for the adiabatic approximation with applications to quantum computation
We present straightforward proofs of estimates used in the adiabatic
approximation. The gap dependence is analyzed explicitly. We apply the result
to interpolating Hamiltonians of interest in quantum computing.Comment: 15 pages, one figure. Two comments added in Secs. 2 and
A quantum version of Sanov's theorem
We present a quantum extension of a version of Sanov's theorem focussing on a
hypothesis testing aspect of the theorem: There exists a sequence of typical
subspaces for a given set of stationary quantum product states
asymptotically separating them from another fixed stationary product state.
Analogously to the classical case, the exponential separating rate is equal to
the infimum of the quantum relative entropy with respect to the quantum
reference state over the set . However, while in the classical case the
separating subsets can be chosen universal, in the sense that they depend only
on the chosen set of i.i.d. processes, in the quantum case the choice of the
separating subspaces depends additionally on the reference state.Comment: 15 page
Tree-ring stable isotopes and radiocarbon reveal pre- and post-eruption effects of volcanic processes on trees on Mt. Etna (Sicily, Italy)
Early detection of volcanic eruptions is of major importance for protecting
human life. Ground deformation and changes in seismicity, geochemistry,
petrology, and gravimetry are used to assess volcanic activity before
eruptions. Studies on Mt. Etna (Italy) have demonstrated that vegetation can be
affected by pre-eruptive activity before the onset of eruptions. During two
consecutive years before Mt. Etna's 2002/2003 flank eruption, enhanced
vegetation index (NDVI) values were detected along a distinct line which later
developed into an eruptive fissure. However, the mechanisms by which volcanic
activity can lead to changes in pre-eruption tree growth processes are still
not well understood. We analysed C, O and
C in the rings of the survived trees growing near to the line where the
pre-eruptive increase in NDVI was observed in order to evaluate whether the
uptake of water vapour or fossil volcanic CO2 could have contributed to the
enhanced NDVI. We found a dramatic decrease in O in tree rings
formed before 2002/2003 in trees close to the eruption fissure, suggesting
uptake of volcanic water by trees during pre-eruptive magma degassing. Moist
conditions caused by outgassing of ascending magma may also have led to an
observed reduction in tree-ring C following the eruption.
Furthermore, only ambiguous evidence for tree uptake of degassed CO2 was found.
Our results suggest that additional soil water condensed from degassed water
vapour may have promoted photosynthesis, explaining local increases in NDVI
before the 2002/2003 Mt. Etna flank eruption. Tree-ring oxygen stable isotopes
might be used as indicators of past volcanic eruptions
oHMint: Höhere Mathematik für MINT-Studierende - Onlinekurs und Lernplattform
Im oHMint-Projekt wird derzeit eine Online-Lernplattform zum Selbststudium der höheren Mathematik für Studierende der MINT-Studiengänge an deutschen Hochschulen entwickelt. Die aktuelle Pilotphase wird durch die Hamburg Open Online University (HOOU) finanziert, über die Universität Hamburg koordiniert und auf technischer Ebene durch die integral-learning GmbH umgesetzt. Das oHMint-Projekt wurde vom OMB+-Konsortium initiiert, welches bereits den Online Mathematik Brückenkurs Plu(OMB+) erstellt hat und damit wichtige Erfahrung in das Projekt bringt. Zunächst wird ein Kapitel, die Basiseinheit Differentialrechnung, des insgesamt vier Semester umfassenden Kurses als Prototyp erstellt. Dabei werden neue didaktische Herangehensweisen und innovative Aufgabentypen erprobt, deren Design sich möglichst stark an den Bedürfnissen der Zielgruppe orientiert. Es ist das Ziel, dass der komplette oHMint-Kurs einen zeitgemäßen Übergang von Schul- zu Hochschulmathematik bis zum Bachelorniveau ermöglicht. Die permanente Rücksprache mit dem OMB+-Konsortium im Laufe der Entwicklung liefert eine vielversprechende Ausgangsbasis für eine breite Akzeptanz und Verwendung des Endprodukts, das für die Öffentlichkeit frei zugänglich zur Verfügung gestellt werden soll. (DIPF/Orig.
Charge Deficiency, Charge Transport and Comparison of Dimensions
We study the relative index of two orthogonal infinite dimensional
projections which, in the finite dimensional case, is the difference in their
dimensions. We relate the relative index to the Fredholm index of appropriate
operators, discuss its basic properties, and obtain various formulas for it. We
apply the relative index to counting the change in the number of electrons
below the Fermi energy of certain quantum systems and interpret it as the
charge deficiency. We study the relation of the charge deficiency with the
notion of adiabatic charge transport that arises from the consideration of the
adiabatic curvature. It is shown that, under a certain covariance,
(homogeneity), condition the two are related. The relative index is related to
Bellissard's theory of the Integer Hall effect. For Landau Hamiltonians the
relative index is computed explicitly for all Landau levels.Comment: 23 pages, no figure
Typical support and Sanov large deviations of correlated states
Discrete stationary classical processes as well as quantum lattice states are
asymptotically confined to their respective typical support, the exponential
growth rate of which is given by the (maximal ergodic) entropy. In the iid case
the distinguishability of typical supports can be asymptotically specified by
means of the relative entropy, according to Sanov's theorem. We give an
extension to the correlated case, referring to the newly introduced class of
HP-states.Comment: 29 pages, no figures, references adde